"Wolf" redirects here. For other use of "wolf" and "wolves", see Wolf (disambiguation).
"Gray Wolves" and "She-wolf" redirect here. For other use, see Gray Wolves (disambiguation) and She-wolf (disambiguation).
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Gray wolf
Temporal range: Middle Pleistocene-Recent
Wolf, voor de natuur, Saxifraga - Jan Nijendijk.5097.jpg
Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus), Netherlands.
Conservation status
Least Concern
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Subfamily: Caninae
Tribe: Canini
Genus: Canis
Species: C. lupus
binomial name
Canis lupus
Linnaeus, 1758
Leefgebied wolf2.png
Historical (red) and modern (green) range of C. lupus (Not including the newly discovered wolf Populations in Ethiopia, Egypt, Senegal, Mali and Algeria)
The gray wolf (Canis lupus ) Also known as the timber wolf, or western wolf, [b] is a canid native to the wilderness and remote areas of North America, Eurasia, and northern, eastern and western Africa. It is the largest extant member of STIs family, with evils averaging 43-45 kg (95-99 lb) and females 36-38.5 kg (79-85 lb). [6] Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other Canis species by ITS larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle. [7] Its winter fur is long and bushy, and Predominantly a mottled gray in color, Although Nearly pure white, red, or brown to black Also Occur . [4] As of 2005, [8] 37 subspecies of C. lupus are Recognised by MSW3. The nominate subspecies is the Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus), [9] Also known as the common wolf. [10]
The gray wolf is the MOST Specialised member of the genus Canis, as Demonstrated by ITS morphological adaptations to hunting large prey, itsa more gregarious nature, [11] and Its highly advanced expressive behavior. [12] [13] It is Nonetheless Closely related enough to smaller species Canis,: such as the eastern wolf, [5] coyote [14] and golden jackal [15] [16] to produce fertile hybrids. It is the only species of Canis to have any available range encompassing Both the Old and New Worlds, [5] and originated in Eurasia During the Pleistocene, colonizing North America on three separate occasions at Least During The Rancholabrean. [5] It is a social animal, traveling in nuclear families Consisting of a mated pair, Accompanied by the pair's adult offspring. [17] The gray wolf is Typically an apex predator THROUGHOUT ITS range, with only humans and tigers [11] [18] [19] [20 ] posing a serious threat to it. It feeds on large ungulates Primarily, though it Also eats smaller animals, livestock, carrion, and garbage. [4]
The gray wolf is one of the world's best Known and well researched animals, with probably more books written about it than any other wildlife species. It has a long history of association with humans, Having Been despised and hunted in MOST pastoral Communities due con sus attacks on livestock, while conversely Being respected in some hunter-gatherer and agrarian societies. [22] It is the sole ancestor of the dog, genetic and paleontological records Which Indicate was first domesticated in Europe from 18.800 to 32.100 years ago by hunter -gatherers. [23], Although the fear of wolves is pervasive in many human societies, the majority of Recorded attacks on people Have Been Attributed to animals Suffering from rabies. Non-rabid wolves Have Attacked and killed people, mainly children, but this is unusual, as wolves are Relatively few, live away from people, and Have Been Taught to fear humans by hunters and shepherds. [24]
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